Adams



June 14, 1949. D. ADAMS 2,473,268

MULTIPLE CYLINDER ENGINE OF THE MULTIPLE PIsToN TYPE Fil d Jan, 16, 19487 Sheets-Sheet l 00 via A dams INVENTOR.

June 14, 1949. D. ADAMS MULTIPLE CYLINDER ENGINE OF THE MULTIPLE PISTONTYPE 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 16, 1948 David A dams INVENTOR.

Q BY 0406.

June 14, 1949. D. ADAMS 2,473,268

. MULTIPLE CYLINDER ENGINE 0 THE MULTIPLE PISTON TYPE Filed Jan. 16,1948 7 Sheets-Sheet s Fig. 5

' David Adams IN V EN TOR. BY

June 14, 1949. D. ADAMS 2,473,26

' MULTIPLE CYLINDER ENGINE OF THE MULTIPLE PISTON TYPE Filed Jan. 16,1948 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 Fig. 6.

David Adams 90 ea 7 I INVENTOR. a4 92 94 a0 6 BY D ADAMS 2,473,268

MULTIPLE dYLINDER ENGINE OF THE MULTIPLE PISTON TYPE June 14, 1949.

Filed Jan. 16, 1948 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Fig. 7.

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June 14, 1949. D. ADAMS 2,473,

MULTIPLE CYLINDER ENGINE 0F V THE MULTIPLE PISTON TYPE Filed Jan. 16.1948 v Sheets-Sheet e David Adams INVENTOR.

BY WW 25. M5

June 14, 1949. s 2,473,268

D. ADA MULTIPLE CYLINDER ENGINE OF THE MULTIPLE PISTON TYPE Filed Jan.16, 1948 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 Fig. /0. x

David Adams INVENTOR.

' Mm enigma Em Patented June 14, 1949 UNITED s TAT-ES PATENT GJFFIICEMULT-IPLE CY-BINDER ENGINE-OF THE MULTI-PIJE PISEON'THFBE David Adams;Detroit, Mich. Applicationilanuary 16, 1948, Serial No. 2*,687

(cures-5i) Claims. 1

This invention relates to a multiple cylinder engine of "the multiplepiston type and has for its primary object to simplify the constructionandoperation of engines of this 7 character.

Another object is to improve the efliciency of this typef engine' and'toreduce the number "of working parts to --a minimum. A further object isto separate the lubricant employed in the crank case from the lubricantemployed for liibricatingthe valve actuating mechanism andto simplifytheconstructiono'f the valve actuating mechanismthrough -the elimination ofpush rods, rock arms and the like.

{A still furtherobject is toeilectlvely separate the engine cooling"fluidfrom-*thelribricants emp'loyed. for lubricating the -working partsor *the engine and at the same time to provideadequate cooling, andadequate lubrication for :the engine.

The above 'and other objects maybe attained' by employing this inventionwhich embodies among its features spaced parallel cylinders, alignedvalves opening into adjacent cylinders, and "a "cam ope-ratingbetweeneach pair-of cylinders, for opening said valves.

Other features include a trough extending longitudinally along theunderside of "the engine for containing a pool oflubr'icant inwh'ich thelower most portions of the valve actuating -'cam"di's'ks are immersed,and arcuate hoods 'between the cylinders for enclosing the upperportions of the -cam disks and separating the cooling fluid from thelubricant contained 'in the trough.

Still other features include pistons having diarmetrically opposed'semi'coni'cal recesses adjacent their heads, and conical headed valvesoperating in diametrically opposedrelation inthecylinders.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a top plan view of an engine 'em .bodying the features-ofthis invention,

Figure 2 is a front end viewinelevationof the engine illustrated inFigure *l "Figure 3 is 'a side view-of"=the -engin'e= :lllustrated inFigural,

Figure 4 a rear end-view of theengineillus trated in Figure lshowingp'ortions 'oi th'e -gealr case b-roken-awa-y, more clearly to' illustrate certain deta-ils' of "the invention,

Figure 5 a horizontal sectiona'rview' taken substantially along the-line5+5- oT-Figure-2;

Figure 6 is atop p'lanyiew o'f the engine shpw ing the top cover plateremoved;-

Figure 7 is a l-ongitudi-nallsectional'wiewitaken sub's'tantiallyalong-the line il 1 mfiFigure i1;

Figure 8'iis-:a fragmentary enllarged sectionail *vIicwsim-ilar toFigure 7 i :Figurefe is :a transverse sectional view takensubstantiallysalongllthe line 9-9 of Figure 5,

iEigure :10 is zafitransverse sectional view takensubstantiaillyialon'gz'the "line 1 0---|-ll of :Figure '5,

Figure 11 is a. perspective view of the intermediate partitionwhicheseparates the cooling fluid chamber :from: the-lubricant:containing trough,

vFigure E2 .is :affragmentary enlarged :secti'onal aziew :showing aportion of :an engine cylinder with az'valve open,

' Figure :13 is airagmentary'isectional view taken substaritially alongthe::line [B -13 of Figure I2,

Figure. 1-4; we perspectiveview of thebottom pan of: the: engine showingthe lubricant retaining ltrough :a'ssembled with ':relation to thebottom crank cases,

TFigurolfi -is a perspective view :ofkone 'of the endjplates the :crankcase,

Figurealfi-i'sa perspectivewiew'of ars'hield such :Esflis employed Ionthe -exhaust valves of the engine,

Figure 117': is a perspectivevrew' of "one of the valves snowingadjacent thereto a typical ad- 'ijusting zcollar,"

lligure *IS isa -perspectivewiew"of one of the pistons and Titsassociatedlconnecting rod, and

Figurenflaiis a perspective view of one. of the valve actuating camiiisks.-

Referring to -theidrawings'zin 'd'etail themain portion of the enginecomprises a pair of spaced parallel "side plates 21]. These plates areprov iiieli with loneitudinallyspa'ced aligning openiingsm'tfor thereception of the reduced ends 24 of longitudinally spaced cylinders -26.Formed the side plates zll a'dja'cent' the cylinders 2B are aligningopenings 28 ior the reception of through bolts :30 which extendtransverselyacross 'the' engine and liinolwhe side plates 20 against theshoulders iorm'ed-at the ends o'fthe cylinders 2 6'by'thereduced-portions 1 24. "Crank bearings 32 :are-'clamped againstthe outer :sides of the plates '20 to "form supports for longitudinallyex tending crank :sha'fts. 34; "which operate "about spa'cecl parallelaxes adjacent the ends of the cylinders 26. The crank shafts/3'4 areprovided at longitudinally spaced intervals with crank :arms 36, and:coupled to tlrei crank arms '36: in a, conventional manner areconnecting :rodsBB which extend into opposite ends of "the cylinders andare coupled at theirends" remote from the crank arms :36'by means'orfconventional wrist 'rpins Ml atozpi'stons filesignate'd'zgenerally E2.

Each piston 12 comprises a hollow circular cylindrical "body'- Mprovided with conventional grooves 46 .JfcrYthesrecepti n :orricom/entional *piston rings which serve to engage the walls of thecylinders 26 to prevent the escape of gasses around the pistons. Eachpiston 62 is provided with a head 68, and formed at diametricallyopposite points in the outer side of each piston at the junction of thecylindrical body 44 with the head 38 are semi-conical recesses 50 for apurpose to be more fully hereinafter described.

Entering each cylinder midway between opposite ends and lying along anaxis which lies in a plane with the longitudinal axis of the engine isan intake port 52, and entering each cylinder in diametrically opposedrelation to the intake port 52 is an exhaust port 54. Also entering eachcylinder along an axis which lies perpendicular to and intersects theaxis of the intake and exhaust ports 52 and 54 is an internallyscrewthreaded opening 56 for the reception of the threaded end 58 of aconventional sparkplug 60. Surrounding each opening 56 in each cylinder26 is a radially extending boss 62 to which a nipple 64 is welded. Eachnipple is provided adjacent its end remote from the boss 62 with ashoulder 66 for a purpose to be more fully hereinafter explained.

Welded or otherwise attached to each cylinder 26 and enclosing theintake port 52 therein is a duct 68 which extends upwardly and isprovided adjacent its upper end with an attaching flange I0, the upperface of which lies in a plane with the shoulders 66 of the nipples 64. Asimilar duct I2 is welded to the opposite side of each cylinder andencloses the exhaust port 54, and like the duct 68 terminates at itsupper end in an attaching flange I4, the upper surface of which lies ina plane common to the upper surfaces of the attaching flanges of theintake ducts 68. The ducts 68 and I2 are provided with aligning open-.ings 16 for the reception of valve guides 18 through which slide thevalve stems of the valves to be more fully hereinafter described.

Mounted for iongitudinal sliding movement in each valve guide I8 is thestem 80 (Fig. 17) of a valve designated generally 82. Each valve stem 88is provided at one end with a valve head 84, and the opposite end of thestem is threaded as at 86 which is adapted to be threadedly received inan adjusting sleeve 88. The valve stem 88 is formed intermediate theends of the threaded portion 86 with an annular row of transverselyextending openings 90 which are adapted to cooperate with an annular rowof diametrically opposed openings 92 formed in the adjusting sleeves 88for receiving a cotter pin by which the adjustment of the sleeves 88 onthe valve stems is retained. The head 84 of the valve 82 is provided onthe side remote from the valve stem 60 with a conical extension 94 whichwhen the pistons in a cylinder 26 are in their innermost position,

project into the spaces formed by the recesses 50 in the pistons 42 toreduce as far as practicable the space occupied by the compressedgasses. In order to protect the valve guides 18 of the exhaust valves Iequip the stem 80 of each exhaust valve with a shield 96, which isslipped over the threaded end 86 of the valve stem 80 before theapplication of the adjusting sleeve 88 and is held in place by friction.

Secured to the bottom edge of each side plate 26 and extending betweenthe side plates below the lower sides of the cylinder 26 is a bottomplate 88 which is provided with longitudinally spaced openings I08 inwhich arch-shaped hoods I82 are fitted. These arch-shaped hoods aresecured -in place by screws I04 which extend through attaching flangesI06 which are secured as shown to the underside of the plate 98 and arepreferably gasketed to form liquid-tight junctions with the plate 88.Opposite ends of the arch-shaped hoods I82 are closed by end walls I88and the end walls I08 of the hoods I02 which face the cylinders 26 areprovided with openings IIO which align with the openings 16 in the ducts68 and "I2 through which the Valve guides I8 extend. As illustrated inFigure 12, each valve guide I8 is provided at one end with an outwardlyextending flange I I2 which engages an adjacent end wall I08 and servesas an abutment for one end of a compression coil spring I I4 whichsurrounds the valve stem 88 of a valve 82 carried by the guide I8. Theopposite end of the spring II4 bears against a washer H6 which surroundsthe valve stem and abuts the inner end of the adjusting sleeve 88thereon. It will thus be seen that the valves 82 are yieldingly urgedinto port closing position.

Supported on the underside of the bottom plate 98 beneath each cylinder26 is a bearing H8 in which a cam shaft I20 is mounted to rotate. Thiscam shaft I20 lies along an axis below the plate 98 and in a verticalplane with the longitudinal axis of the engine. An end plate I22 isfixed to each end of each side plate 20, and to the bottom plate 68, andeach end plate is formed with an opening I24 in which a cam shaftbearing I26 is fitted. The cam shaft I20 is mounted in the bearings H8and extends through the end plates I22, and keyed or otherwise fixed toone end of the cam shaft is a drive gear I28 which has meshingengagement with drive gears I30 mounted on the adj acent ends of thecrank shafts 34 previously described. A gear case I82 encloses the gearsI28 and I30 and the cam shaft I20 is extended through this gear case andequipped with a suitable coupling I34 to which a driven shaft I36 isconnected. Keyed or otherwise secured to the cam shaft I20 are spacedcam disks designated generally I38. Each cam disk comprises a hubportion I40 which is provided with an outwardly extending annular flangeI42 which enters an arcuate hood I62 and engages the sleeves 88 on theadjacent ends of the valves 82. The flange I42 of each cam disk I38 isprovided on one side with a cam face I44, and on its opposite side witha cam face I46. These cam faces I44 and I46 are arranged indiametrically opposite relation on the cam disk I38 so that as the diskis rotated, the valves 82 on opposite sides of each cam disk I38 will bealternately opened against the eiforts of their respective springs II4.It will be understood of course that the cam faces I48 and I46 will bearranged in order to open the valves 82 in proper timed relation withthe operation of the engine.

A cover plate I48 is secured as by screws I50 to the upper edges of theside plates 28 and the end plates I22 completely to enclose thecylinders 26 and the hoods I02 to form a chamber I52 through which theengine cooling fluid is circulated in a conventional manner. This coverplate is provided at properly spaced points with openings which registerwith the upper open ends of the ducts 68 and I2, and coupled to theflanges 10 of the ducts 68 through certain openings in the cover plateI48 are the branch pipes I56 of an intake manifold I58. Coupled to theflanges 10 through the cover plate I48 are the branch pipes I60 of anexhaust manifold I62, and formed in the cover plate I48 in axialalignment with the nipples 64 are openings I64 through which

